Grandparenting Role on Math Online Learning in Chinese Multigenerational Households

Under the COVID-19 pandemic, online learning has become m sore frequently used and carried over cultural characteristics. In China, grandparents exert a great impact on parent–child relationships children’s process. This study proposed six models examined roles of various Chinese family members (father, mother, grandparents) their accompaniment time in promoting preschoolers’ math learning. A total 3552 participants were recruited to finish questionnaires about demographics, household adult–child interactions, company investment, language performance. We found that between father investment performance mediated by amount maternal spent with children To contextualize these findings, we discussed unique aspects grandparent–parent–children relationship during development families.